If they play exceptionally creative moves, the judge’s suspect that this cannot possibly be a human move, it must be a computer move. One of the ways to catch cheats, we’re told, is to monitor the level of originality players display. On this point, chess tournament judges are constantly on the lookout for players secretly getting help from computers. People often say that AI could never feel like a human being, that it could never be as creative as a human being. However, in recent years computers have become so good at playing chess that their human collaborators lost their value, which could be seen as a precursor to what might happen at a more pervasive level.Īnother computer program, DeepMind’s Alpha Zero, went from utter ignorance to creative mastery in under four hours without the help of any human guide, to dominate the world’s best AlphaGo players and programs. Several years after IBM’s Deep Blue defeated chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov, human-computer cooperation flourished. The job market of 2050 is likely to be characterised by human AI cooperation rather than competition. Instead of humans competing with AI they could focus on servicing and leveraging AI. Rather than replacing humans entirely though, AI might actually help create new human jobs.
#Nation of gods and earths chess plus lesson drivers
Self-driving vehicles have none of these flaws and eventually, we could see the displacement of 3.5 million professional truck drivers in the United States alone, amongst other driving professions. The US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimated that in 2012, 31% of fatal crashes involved alcohol abuse, 30% speeding and 20% distracted drivers. Harari says that the better we understand the biochemical mechanisms that underpin human emotions, desires and choices the better computers can get at analysing human behaviour, predicting human decisions and replacing human professions such as bankers and lawyers.Īt least in some lines of work, it might make sense to replace all humans with computers even if individually some humans still do a better job than machines. “People may give the system and angry kick in the stomach but having nowhere else to go they will eventually come back.” Chapter 2 - Work While there’s a lot of pushback against the liberal story today, Harari says that at the end of the day humankind won’t abandon the liberal story because it doesn’t have any viable alternatives. As Elon Musk pointed out on a recent episode of the Joe Rogan Experience, we’ve already been augmented, there’s just a disconnect and the data rate is too slow.
Artificial IntelligenceĪs AI gets more sophisticated it will create classes of humans superhumans who are augmented by technology.
While the 20th Century was all about three political systems, the 21st century introduces new stories and classes, that of humans, superhumans and artificial intelligence. It’s imperative that you make your stories simple.
A lesson not only for those of you declaring political war, which is fair to say few of you are, but also for those of you in the business and entrepreneurship game. The simpler the story, he says, the better. On the topic of information overwhelm, Harari makes the point that ‘humans think in stories rather than in facts, numbers or equations which is why the communist, fascist and liberal stories of the 20th Century were so powerful. Harari confronts today’s 21 big questions throughout the book’s 21 chapters and after having read and highlighted the book, distilled its 300 pages down to 16,000 words of notes, and then further distilled those notes down to 5,000 words of key lessons and take-aways, I decided to bring you my third book summary, kicking things off with: Chapter One - Disillusionment Stories I was excited when I received my copy of the book in the mail, courtesy of Penguin Books, and couldn’t wait to get my head buried in it. Get this book summary in audio on the Future Squared podcast, available on Apple Podcasts + everywhere elseįresh off the back of the success of Sapiens and Homo Deus, Professor Yuval Noah Harari has returned with another book, not quite for the ages, but for the 21st Century.Ģ1 Lessons for the 21st Century cuts through the information overwhelm and muddy waters of the online world and confronts the most urgent questions on today’s global agenda.
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